Biolith from Biomason
Traditional concrete is made of aggregates bonded by cement, whose production is responsible for 8% of annual carbon dioxide emissions. In a radical shift, biocement uses microorganisms that excrete calcium carbonate crystals to bind together small aggregates. To produce the pavers pictured, sand and microorganisms are packed into a desired mold, nutrients are added, and calcium carbonate crystals are produced that bind together the loose particles into a solid volume. The brick-growing process requires no added heat, and emits zero emissions.